Which eighteenth-century British North American colony is correctly paired with its distinguishing characteristic?

• A. Massachusetts: Large individual landholdings.
• B. Pennsylvania: Extensive religious and ethnic diversity.
• C. North Carolina: High per capita household income.
• D. New York: Homogeneous population.

Answer: (B)

This item tests how eighteenth‑century British North American colonies differed in social and religious makeup. Pennsylvania is correctly paired with its distinguishing characteristic because its establishment under William Penn emphasized religious toleration and attracted a wide mix of groups—Quakers, German Palatines, Dutch, Swedes, Africans, and others—creating extensive religious and ethnic diversity.

By contrast, Massachusetts was shaped by a relatively homogeneous Puritan society with village-based farming and strong town oversight rather than large private landholdings. North Carolina’s economy drew many small farmers and frontier settlers, so it did not stand out for high per‑capita income. New York was likewise diverse, with a mix of Dutch, English, and other groups, not a homogeneous population. Thus, Pennsylvania’s claim of extensive religious and ethnic diversity best fits the period.