Which New Deal program established old-age insurance and unemployment benefits?

• A. WPA program.
• B. Social Security Act established old-age insurance and unemployment benefits.
• C. NRA.
• D. CCC.

Answer: (B)

This question tests recognizing which New Deal program created a national system of social insurance for workers. The Social Security Act, passed in 1935, established old-age insurance (pensions for retirees) and unemployment benefits, funded by payroll taxes from workers and employers. This laid the foundation for the U.S. social welfare system and marked a shift toward providing financial security through a national program.

The other options served different purposes: the WPA focused on creating public-works jobs during the Depression; the CCC provided work camps for young men on conservation projects; the NRA was aimed at industrial recovery and codes of fair competition rather than social insurance.